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Computer Motherboard And It's Types

A motherboard is the main circuit board in a computer that houses the system's central processing unit (CPU), memory, and other components. The motherboard acts as the central hub for all the data, signals, and power that flow between the various components of the computer. It provides the connections and pathways that allow the different parts of the computer to communicate with each other and to perform the tasks that the user wants to perform.

Computer Motherboard
Computer Motherboard

It contains many of the crucial components such as resister ,capacitor, and many tiny components, including the central processing unit (CPU), BIOS chip, Integrated sound card, Integrated LAN card , memory and It has different types of connectors for connecting input and output devices.

Motherboard means specifically a PCB with expansion capabilities. It allows to connect many diffrent devices. ​In addition to circuits, a motherboard contains a number of sockets and slots to connect the other components.

Motherboard is main board that is connect all computer peripherals to each other to work properly. All hardware devices connect on it using cables or pins such as RAM, CPU, HDD or SDD, sound card, graphics card, lan card, PSU(power supply) and all external peripherals connected through USB cable or other cables. It has bunch of ports to connect different devices such as printers, keyboard or mouse, display, sound devices, internet etc.

Types of motherboard's form factors

  • pico ITX
  • Nano ITX
  • mini ITX
  • micro ATX
  • standard ATX
  • Extended ATX

These are the the motherboard form factors that decides the motherboard capabilities and its performance. pico ITX, mini ITX and Nano ITX are smallest motherboard that is used to build super smallest and cheapest computer. Nano ITX is used to build basic computer that can perform basic daily task such as internet surfing and typing work.

Micro ATX is most commonly used motherboard for students , home and personal use. it can perform better than mini or nano ITX . it is used for offices, personal works, video streaming, and other purpose. It has some limitations and capacity.

Computer Motherboard Form Factor
Computer Motherboard Form Factor

 

There are several types of motherboards, including:

  1. ATX (Advanced Technology Extended) Motherboards: This is the most common type of motherboard used in modern computers. They are designed to support a wide range of CPUs and have multiple slots for expansion cards, such as graphics cards and sound cards. ATX motherboards come in different sizes, including full-size ATX and micro-ATX.

  2. Micro-ATX Motherboards: Micro-ATX motherboards are smaller versions of ATX motherboards and are designed to fit into smaller computer cases. They have fewer expansion slots than ATX motherboards, but are still capable of supporting many different types of CPUs.

  3. Mini-ITX Motherboards: Mini-ITX motherboards are even smaller than micro-ATX motherboards and are designed to fit into even smaller computer cases. They have only one or two expansion slots, but are still capable of supporting many different types of CPUs.

  4. ITX Motherboards: ITX motherboards are designed to be used in small form factor computers, such as home theater PCs or embedded systems. They have limited expansion capabilities, but are still capable of supporting many different types of CPUs.

  5. AT Motherboards: AT motherboards were the first type of motherboard used in personal computers. They are much larger than modern motherboards and have limited expansion capabilities. They are not commonly used in modern computers, but are still used in some industrial and commercial applications.

  6. LPX (Low Profile Extended) Motherboards: LPX motherboards were designed to be used in small form factor computer cases. They are similar in size to ATX motherboards, but have fewer expansion slots. LPX motherboards are not commonly used in modern computers, but are still used in some industrial and commercial applications.

  7. BTX (Balanced Technology Extended) Motherboards: BTX motherboards were designed as a replacement for ATX motherboards, but never gained widespread popularity. They are similar in size to ATX motherboards, but have a different layout and placement of components. BTX motherboards are not commonly used in modern computers, but are still used in some industrial and commercial applications.

Each type of motherboard is designed to meet the needs of a particular market segment and may have different features and capabilities. When choosing a motherboard, it's important to consider the type of CPU you want to use, the amount of memory and storage you need, and the number and type of expansion slots you require.