What is RAM (Random Access Memory)?

RAM stands for "Random Access Memory" it is part of primary memory. It is located on Motherboard next to the Processor. It store all program and instruction during the execution. RAM is volatile it require power to store the data when power is lost or restarting the computer all data will be lost . It does not store data permamently.

when you switch the computer ON The data is load from the hard disk in RAM. Benefit of RAM is load data faster way as compare to hard disk or other storage devices and executes by CPU. Computer system must have enough Ram for Operating System to load all required softwares and perform all operations.

RAM (Random Access Memory) is a type of volatile memory that is used to store data and programs temporarily in a computer system. The CPU accesses RAM to perform its tasks, making RAM an essential component of a computer system. When the computer is turned off, the data stored in RAM is lost.

RAM works by storing data and programs in memory cells that are arranged in a grid. Each cell has a unique address, allowing the CPU to access the cell directly. When the CPU needs to access a piece of data or a program, it sends a request to the RAM, specifying the address of the desired cell. The RAM retrieves the data or program from the specified cell and sends it to the CPU.

There are mainly two ypes of RAM

• SRAM(static Random Access Memory)- Access time in SRAM is less than 10 Nanoseconds.SRAM are lower power consumption and faster access speeds. SRAM requires a constant power flow in order to function. Because of the continuous power, SRAM doesn’t need to be ‘refreshed’ to remember the data being stored. This is why SRAM is called ‘static’ – no change or no refresh is needed to keep data intact. However, SRAM is a volatile memory, which means that all the data that had been stored becomes lost once the power is off. Uses of SRAM is mostly in CPU Cache, Hard Disk Buffer or Cache or Graphics Cards.

• DRAM(Dynamic Random Access Memory) - The Access time in DRAM chip can be above 50 Nanoseconds. DRAM are Higher power consumption. DRAM not require constant power flow in order to function. Capacitors of DRAM are going to discharge because of this data of all stored in this DRAM is lost so it is called dynamics RAM. Constant change neet to data intact. DRAM is volatile and it had stored all data is going to be lost after power is off. DRAM at the lower cost of manufacturing is greater in size. DRAM is used in system Memory and graphics card also.

• SDRAM (synchronous DRAM) are synchronized with the clock speed that the microprocessor is optimized for. SDRAM operates in sync with the CPU clock, which means that it waits for the cpu clock signal before responding to data input. By contrast, DRAM is asynchronous, which means it responds immediately to data input. But the benefit of synchronous operation is that a CPU can process overlapping instructions in parallel, it is known as ‘pipelining’—the ability to receive (read) a new instruction before the previous instruction has been fully resolved (write). SDRAM supports pipelining due to the way its memory is divided into separate banks, which is what led to its widespread preference over basic DRAM.The speed of SDRAM is rated in MHz rather than in nanoseconds.

Types of RAM based on generations and its speeds

Type of DDR or DDR1 RAM speed

DDR1 RAM operating voltage is 2.5 volt.

Type of DDR2 RAM speed

DDR2 RAM operating voltage is 1.8 volt.

Types of DDR3 RAM and speed

DDR3 RAM operating voltage is 1.5 volt.

Types of DDR4 RAM and its speed

DDR4 RAM operating voltage is 1.2 volt.

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